meshes provides tools for MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) enrichment and semantic similarity analysis. MeSH is the controlled vocabulary used by the National Library of Medicine to index biomedical literature, and it provides a structured way to describe diseases, chemicals, anatomy, organisms, techniques and other biomedical concepts.
The package links MeSH terms to Entrez Gene identifiers and supports workflows for both enrichment analysis and semantic comparison.
For worked examples and extended tutorials, please see the online book: https://yulab-smu.top/biomedical-knowledge-mining-book/.
meshes works with MeSH annotation data for more than 70 species. Gene-to-MeSH associations can be derived from the following sources:
gendoogene2pubmedRBBHThe package supports standard MeSH categories:
A: AnatomyB: OrganismsC: DiseasesD: Chemicals and DrugsE: Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentF: Psychiatry and PsychologyG: Phenomena and ProcessesH: Disciplines and OccupationsI: Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaJ: Technology, Industry and AgricultureK: HumanitiesL: Information ScienceM: Named GroupsN: Health CareV: Publication CharacteristicsZ: GeographicalsFor semantic similarity analysis, annotation data are prepared with meshdata(). The resulting object stores the selected MeSH category, gene-to-MeSH annotations and, optionally, information content values.
The main analysis tasks are:
enrichMeSH().gseMeSH().meshSim().geneSim().Semantic similarity can be calculated with the following methods:
WangResnikRelJiangLinGene-level semantic similarity can combine multiple MeSH term scores with:
maxavgrcmaxBMAThe package vignette intentionally keeps the local documentation concise. Full examples, analysis workflows and interpretation guidance are maintained in the online book:
If you use meshes in published research, please cite:
Yu G. Using meshes for MeSH term enrichment and semantic analyses. Bioinformatics. 2018, 34(21):3766-3767. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bty410.
For questions or issues, please post to the Bioconductor support site and tag your post with meshes.